RUMFORD, COUNT

RUMFORD, COUNT
   Benjamin Thompson, soldier, philanthropist, and physicist, born at Woburn, Massachusetts; a fortunate marriage lifted him into affluence, relieving him from the necessity of teaching; fought on the British side during the American War; became a lieutenant-colonel, and for important services was knighted in 1782 on his return to England; entered the Bavarian service, and carried through a series of remarkable reforms, such as the suppression of mendicity, the amelioration of the poorer classes by the spread of useful knowledge, culinary, agricultural, &c.; was made a Count of the Holy Roman Empire, and placed in charge of the War Department of Bavaria; was a generous patron of science in England and elsewhere; retired from the Bavarian service in 1799, and five years later married the widow of Lavoisier the chemist; his later years were spent in retirement in a village near Paris, where he devoted himself to physical research, especially as regards heat (1753-1814).

The Nuttall Encyclopaedia. . 1907.

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  • Rumford — /rum feuhrd/, n. Count. See Thompson, Benjamin. * * * ▪ Maine, United States       town, Oxford county, western Maine, U.S., in the Oxford Hills where the Ellis, Swift, and Concord rivers enter the Androscoggin River to form spectacular Pennacook …   Universalium

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